Everything About RAM That Shoud You Know
Welcome friends, Previous article mein Maine aapko different types of storage devices ke bare mein thoda sa introduction diya tha. Ushe me ek memory the RAM jo ke bhot important memory hain computer ke liye. Issliye iss post mein RAM ki complete information share karunga jaise - what is a RAM, types of ram, SRAM kya hain, DRAM kya hain etc... Agap aap sabhe storage devices ke bare mein janna chate hain toh previous post jaroor dekhe.
What is a RAM ?
RAM, jiska pura name Random Access Memory hain, ek hardware device hain aur yeah computer ke motherboard par as a internal memory use hote hain. Issme computer boot hote he data, program aur requriment files load ho jate hain. Iss ko computer ki 'Main Memory' kaha jata hain sath he isko read and write memory bhi kaha jata hain kyuki jo data issme read hota hain mostly cases mein us data ko write bhi kiya ja sakta hain.
RAM ek volatile memory hain matlab issme jo bhi data aur instructions store honga woh power band hone par delete ho jayaga. Issme koi bhi data permanently store nahi hota hain. Jab computer ON hota hain toh data secondary memory (hard drive, solid state disk etc...) se RAM par load ho jata hain e.g. computer boot hone par hard drive se operating system aur jaroori files RAM mein store ho jati hain aur jab computer shut down hota hain toh yeah data lose ho jata hain. HDD ya SSD se data RAM par load hone ka sabse bada advantage yeah hain ke RAM, hard drive se bhot fast hote hain.
Jab RAM puri tarah se bhar jati hain tab computer aache se perform nahi kar pata hain. Issliye jab RAM bhar jati hain toh processor old data ko HDD mein aur new data ko RAM par load kar deta hain. Aur RAM us data ko delete kar dete hain jo bilkul bhi jaroori nahi hain. Iss tarah RAM kafi had tak user ko aachai performance dete hain.
RAM computer ki main memory hote hain jo ek chip(solid state mein) hote hain jo motherboard par individually mount hote hain. Motherboard par ek se jyada RAM ko bhi mount kiya ja sakta hain. Yeah baki sabhe memories ke compare mein bhot he jyada fast hote hain such as a hard drive, solid state disk, flash memory.
Kise bhi computer ki performance RAM ki size par bhi bhot jyada depend karte hain. Agar RAM ki size hamare computer ke liye kafi nahi hain toh operating system aur software bhot he slow perform karange. Issliye RAM ki size hamesa thodi jyada hona chaiyea jisse computer aache se perform kar paye. Secondary storage devices (e.g. HDD, SSD, flash memory) se data sequence mein read hota hain isliye yeah bhot slow process hote hain aur RAM data ko randomly access karte hain. Yahi karan hain ki RAM data ko bhot fastly access kar pate hain.
Types of RAM :-
There are 2 types RAM. Aur dono he RAM volatile memory hain :-
1. Static RAM (SRAM)
2. Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
Static RAM: Static RAM data ko hold rakhta hain jab tak ishe power milte hai. Yeah DRAM se different hote hain. Ishe regularly refresh hone ke jaroorat nahi hote hain. Isliye SRAM bhot fast hote hain compare to DRAM. SRAM mein access time kam se kam 10 nanoseconds hota hain.
Dynamic RAM: DRAM ek integrated circut hote hain jo millions of transistors aur capacitors se mil kar bane hote hain jo size mein bhot - bhot choote hote hain. DRAM ko continusouly refresh hone ki jaroorat hote hain data ko hold karne ke liye. DRAM mein access time approx 60 namoseconds hota hain. DRAM ko 3 types mein devided kiya gaya hain :-
- Asynchronous DRAM
- Synchronous DRAM
- DDR RAM
DDR RAM ke abhi tak 4 generations ko introduce kiya ja chuka hain jo ki niche de gaye hain :-
- DDR1 SDRAM
- DDR2 SDRAM
- DDR3 SDRAM
- DDR4 SDRAM
History of RAM :-
RAM ka first type 1947 mein introduced hua tha. Yeah RAM, CRT(cathode ray tube) mein use ke jate the.
RAM ke second type mein RAM, magnetic-core memory ki the jo ke 1947 mein introduce hue the. Yeah RAM metal rings aur wires se bane the jo aapas mein connect hote hain. Ring data ki 1 bit ko store karte the aur phir bad mein issko access kar sakte the.
1968 mein IBM Thomas J Watson Research Center ka Robert Dennard ne ek RAM ko introduce kiya. Iss RAM ko ham aaj solid stare memory ke name se bhi jante hain. Issko dynamic random access memory(DRAM) bhi kaha jata hain. Issme transistors mein bits store hote hain. Constant power supply se transistor mein data ko maintain kiya jata hain.
1969 mein Intel ne pehli dynamic random access memory ko introduce kiya. Yeah world's first RAM the jo commercially available the.
1993 mein samsung ne KM48SL2000 name se ek synchronous DRAM ko introduce kiya.
1996 se DDR SDRAM commercially(publicly) avaliable the.
1999 se RDRAM computers ke liye available ho gaye.
2003 se DDR2 SDRAM market mein bikna shru ho gaye.
2007 se DDR3 SDRAM bhi marke me bikna shru ho gaye.
Aur September 2014 se DDR4 bhi marke mein available ho gaye jo ki sabse fast RAM the.
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