Welcome friends, jab bhi aap apne computer ko turn ON karte hain tab aapne ek baat jaroor notice kare honga ki computer start hone mein kuch time lagta hain. But kya aap jante hain, ki process kya hote hain aur kyun hote hain. Agar aap ko nahi pata toh iss post ko ek bar last tak pura read kare aap jaan jayenge. Sath he BIOS, POST etc... kya hain yeah bhi isshe article mein pata chal jayaga.
Jab bhi koi computer start hota hain toh isshe start nahi balki technically Boot kaha jata hain. Aur iss process ko Booting Process kaha jata hain. Computer boot karne par sabse pehle BIOS run hota hain, iss ke just baad BIOS, POST process ko run karta hain.
BIOS :-
BIOS firmware computer ka ek software hota hain jiska full form 'Basic Input Output System' hain. BIOS ko generally 'By-Oss' pronounced kiya jata hain. Iss ko PC - BIOS, System BIOS aur ROM BIOS bhi kaha jata hain. BIOS computer ke motherboard par EPROM (Erasable and Programmable ROM) mein stored rehta hain. BIOS ka kaam computer se connected sabhe Input/Output devices ki details CPU ko dena hain. Iss se booting process bhot fast ho jate hain. Issko frequently update karne ke jaroorat nahi hote. Isska update sal mein sirf 1 - 2 bar he aata hain.
BIOS ek semiconductor memory ko hold karta hain jisko CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) kaha jata hain. CMOS time, date aur kuch basic hardware information store karta hain. CMOS ki help se he BIOS iss tarah ki information CPU ko deta hain.
Computer start hone par sabse pehla software BIOS run hota hain. Phir BIOS, POST (Power-On Self Test) process ko ON karta hain. POST process ki complete details niche de hue hain.
History of BIOS: BISO ko sabse pehle Gary Kildall ne banaya tha aur issko CP/M operating system mein use kiya jata tha. Kildall ne isshe, computer Boot aur other hardware se communicate karne bala function 'BIOS' kaha.
Functions of BIOS & How Booting Process Works :-
BIOS ka kaam mainly Operating System load karna aur hardware se communicate karna hain. But iss process ke sath - sath aur bhi kuch process hote hain jo niche described hain:-
POST: Computer Boot hote he yeah process hote hain jiska pura name 'Power - ON Self Test' hain. Iss process mein computer se connected sabhe hardware mein kuch time ke liye power ON hota hain aur testing hote he ki sabhe hardware working condition mein hain ya nahi. Iss process ko run hone ke liye motherboard, processor, RAM teno ko proper working condition mein hona chaiyea. Agar iss process mein koi hardware properly work nahi kar raha hain toh screen par ek beep ke sath error message show hota hain.
Booting Operating System: Post (Power On Self Test) complete hone ke baad BIOS operating system ko load karta hain. Motherboard mein by default priority set hote hain jiske according BIOS multiple drives mein boot files find karta hain. For example windows OS ke liye 3 files ka hona jaroori hain :-
BIOS :-
BIOS firmware computer ka ek software hota hain jiska full form 'Basic Input Output System' hain. BIOS ko generally 'By-Oss' pronounced kiya jata hain. Iss ko PC - BIOS, System BIOS aur ROM BIOS bhi kaha jata hain. BIOS computer ke motherboard par EPROM (Erasable and Programmable ROM) mein stored rehta hain. BIOS ka kaam computer se connected sabhe Input/Output devices ki details CPU ko dena hain. Iss se booting process bhot fast ho jate hain. Issko frequently update karne ke jaroorat nahi hote. Isska update sal mein sirf 1 - 2 bar he aata hain.
BIOS ek semiconductor memory ko hold karta hain jisko CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) kaha jata hain. CMOS time, date aur kuch basic hardware information store karta hain. CMOS ki help se he BIOS iss tarah ki information CPU ko deta hain.
Computer start hone par sabse pehla software BIOS run hota hain. Phir BIOS, POST (Power-On Self Test) process ko ON karta hain. POST process ki complete details niche de hue hain.
History of BIOS: BISO ko sabse pehle Gary Kildall ne banaya tha aur issko CP/M operating system mein use kiya jata tha. Kildall ne isshe, computer Boot aur other hardware se communicate karne bala function 'BIOS' kaha.
Functions of BIOS & How Booting Process Works :-
BIOS ka kaam mainly Operating System load karna aur hardware se communicate karna hain. But iss process ke sath - sath aur bhi kuch process hote hain jo niche described hain:-
POST: Computer Boot hote he yeah process hote hain jiska pura name 'Power - ON Self Test' hain. Iss process mein computer se connected sabhe hardware mein kuch time ke liye power ON hota hain aur testing hote he ki sabhe hardware working condition mein hain ya nahi. Iss process ko run hone ke liye motherboard, processor, RAM teno ko proper working condition mein hona chaiyea. Agar iss process mein koi hardware properly work nahi kar raha hain toh screen par ek beep ke sath error message show hota hain.
Booting Operating System: Post (Power On Self Test) complete hone ke baad BIOS operating system ko load karta hain. Motherboard mein by default priority set hote hain jiske according BIOS multiple drives mein boot files find karta hain. For example windows OS ke liye 3 files ka hona jaroori hain :-
- Command.com
- MS-Dos.sys
- IO.sys
Jis tarah windows OS ke liye in files ka hona jaroori hain ushe tarah different OS ke liye different files hote hain. Agar kise reason se bootable files nahi mil pate hain (jaise new PC hone par or OS corrupt hone par etc...) toh BIOS bootable DVD drives ko find karta hain. Aur jab files mil jate hain toh ushe memory (RAM) par load kar deta hain.
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